Everything about Fevzi Akmak totally explained
Mustafa Fevzi Çakmak (
1876 -
1950), was a
Turkish soldier (
Field Marshal), prime minister, and a close companion-in-arms of
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.
Early life
Mustafa Fevzi was born on
January 12,
1876 in
Istanbul,
Ottoman Empire (modern-day
Turkey). He was schooled at the age of five. After graduating from
Kuleli military highschool, he entered
Pangaltı military school on
June 29,
1893. He completed the military school as the most successful student on
December 25,
1898 and joined the
Ottoman military as a
Lieutenant.
Political life
At the age of 42, in 1918 he became Minister of War and Commander of the Ottoman Army. In 1920, he followed
Mustafa Kemal to
Samsun, and supported him throughout the
Turkish War of Independence. His support provided Mustafa Kemal with the full support of the Armed Forces, which was reduced to two armies in the aftermath of the disarmement dictated by the
Treaty of Sèvres. These two armies were under the command of
Kazım Karabekir on the Eastern Front based in
Erzurum and
Ali Fuat Cebesoy on the Western Front based in
Ankara. Fevzi Çakmak was one of the few significant generals of the
Turkish War of Independence.
Fevzi Çakmak took control of the Army after the Turkish loss in Kutahya-Altıntas under
Ismet Inonu and was able to stop the retreat of the Turkish Army afterwards and beat the invading Greek Armies at the Battle of Sakarya on the outskirts of Ankara.
Fevzi Çakmak and
Mustafa Kemal planned and commandeered the
Battle of Dumlupınar, and on
August 31,
1922, he was promoted to rank of
Field Marshal (
Turkish:
Mareşal) along with
Mustafa Kemal. They were and still are the only
Field Marshalls
Turkish Republic had up till now. So even today, an unspecified nickname
Mareşal(
Field Marshall) means Fevzi Çakmak.
Before the establishment of the
republic, he was the
prime minister of the government of the
Grand National Assembly of Turkey from
January 24,
1921 until
July 9,
1922. He quit politics by resigning from the parliament in 1924. Fevzi Çakmak served as the
Chief of the General Staff of the
Turkish Armed Forces from
March 3,
1924 until his retirement on
January 12,
1944. He died on
April 12,
1950 and was laid to rest in
Eyüp, İstanbul. He has a memorial burial place in the
Turkish State Cemetery in Ankara.
Further Information
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